What is Depression?
Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, think, and act. It causes feelings of sadness and/or loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed.
Unlike temporary feelings of sadness, depression persists for weeks, months, or years and significantly impacts daily functioning. It's treatable, and most people see improvement with proper treatment.
Signs and Symptoms
Emotional Symptoms
Physical Symptoms
Types of Depression
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Severe symptoms that interfere with daily life, lasting at least 2 weeks.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
Milder but chronic depression lasting 2 years or more.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Depression that occurs during specific seasons, typically winter.
Postpartum Depression
Depression that occurs after childbirth.
Bipolar Disorder
Characterized by episodes of depression alternating with mania.
Treatment Options
Therapy
Effective therapy approaches include:
- • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
- • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)
- • Psychodynamic Therapy
- • Group Therapy
Medication
Antidepressants can help:
- • SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
- • SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
- • Atypical antidepressants
- • Often combined with therapy for best results
Getting Help
If you're experiencing symptoms of depression, know that help is available. Depression is highly treatable, and most people see significant improvement with appropriate treatment. Don't hesitate to reach out for support.
If you're having thoughts of suicide:
Please seek immediate help. Contact a crisis hotline, emergency services, or go to your nearest emergency room. You don't have to face this alone.